车轮螺科(
学名:Architectonicidae),又称螺旋梯螺或
日晷螺,是海栖
腹足纲软体动物门的一个科,属于
异鳃类支序下的下异鳃类非正式
群组成员。
车轮螺科分布于印度太平洋区,旧属异旋目,现为车轮螺
总科下唯一一个有现生种的科。
形态特征
贝壳呈圆锥形、低圆锥形或平旋形,胎壳逆旋,脐孔广阔,壳表通常有独特的
尾旋雕刻。口蓋角質,内侧有小柄。壳表
褐色斑较多,有多条螺溝,壳底脐孔色泽淡。车轮螺科有时也被称为“螺旋梯螺”或“日螺”,其贝壳
底面呈扁平状,阶梯般的折褶环绕着宽而深的大脐孔。
分布范围
栖息环境
生活在温海水域,栖息浅海砂底,约10-50m深的沙质海底。
常见品种
Adelphotectonica reevei (Hanley, 1862)
Architectonica gualtierii Bieler, 1993
Architectonica maxima
巨车轮螺 (
浅黄玉螺, 1849)
Architectonica perspectiva
黑线车轮螺 (Linnaeus, 1758)
Architectonica trochlearis
车轮螺 (Hinds, 1844)
Discotectonica acutissima 扁车轮螺 (Sowerby III, 1914)
Discotectonica nipponicus 镶珠车轮螺 Kuroda et Habe, 1971
Granosolarium gemmiferum 深海小轮螺 Bieler, 1993
Granosolarium mirabilis 锯缘小轮螺 (Schepman, 1909)
Heliacus areola 高腰车轮螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Heliacus enoshimensis 火焰小轮螺 (Melvill, 1891)
Heliacus fenestratus (Hinds, 1844)
Heliacus implexus 栗色绳目车轮螺 (Mighels, 1845)
Heliacus infundibuliformis 扁小轮螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Heliacus stramineus 草黄车轮螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Heliacus variegatus
绳纹车轮螺 (Gmelin, 1791)
Psilaxis
棘豆属 金丝车轮螺 (A. Adams, 1855)
Psilaxis radiatus
辐射车轮螺 (Roeding, 1798)
Solatisonax acutecarinata 锐脊车轮螺 (Thiele, 1925)
属
车轮螺科包括以下各属:
- Adelphotectonica Bieler, 1987
- Aguayodiscus Jaume \u0026 Borro, 1946
- Architectonica Röding, 1798:
模式属- Awarua Mestayer, 1930
- Basisulcata Melone \u0026 Taviani, 1985
- †Calodisculus Rehder, 1935
- †Climacopoma
Fischer, 1885
- †Dinaxis Dall in Aldrich, 1895
- †Discotectonica Marwick, 1931
- †Disculus Deshayes, 1863
- †Eosolarium Chavan, 1947
- †Ewekorolaxis Adegoke, 1977
- Grandeliacus Iredale, 1957 represented as Heliacus (Grandeliacus) Iredale, 1957 (alternate
表征)
- †Granoheliacus Melone \u0026 Taviani, 1985
- †Granosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Gyriscus Tiberi, 1867
- Heliacus d'Orbigny, 1842
- †Intitectonica Frassinetti \u0026 Covacevich, 1984
- †Nigerialaxis Adegoke, 1977
- †Nipteraxis Cossmann, 1916
- †Nodosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Paurodiscus Rehder, 1935
- Philippia J. E. Gray, 1847
- †Platylaxis Adegoke, 1977
- Pseudomalaxis P.
Fischer, 1885
- †Pseudotorinia Sacco, 1892
- Psilaxis Woodring, 1928
- †Punjabia Eames, 1952
- Pyrgoheliacus Bieler, 1987
- RedivivusMelone \u0026 Taviani, 1985
- †Rinaldoconchus Bandel, 1988
- Solatisonax Iredale, 1931
- Spirolaxis di Monterosato, 1913
- †Stellaxis Dall, 1892
- Teretropoma Rochebrune, 1881 represented as Heliacus (Teretropoma) Rochebrune, 1881 (alternate
表征)
- Torinista Iredale, 1936 represented as Heliacus (Torinista) Iredale, 1936 (alternate representation)
- †Trimalaxis Garvie, 1996
- Zerotula Finlay, 1927
Genera brought into synonymy:
- Acutitectonica Habe, 1961: synonym of Discotectonica Marwick, 1931
- Astronacus Woodring, 1959: synonym of Heliacus (Torinista) Iredale, 1936
- Claraxis Iredale, 1936: synonym of Granosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Discosolis Dall, 1892: synonym of Pseudomalaxis P. Fischer, 1885
- Mangonuia Mestayer, 1930: synonym of Pseudomalaxis P. Fischer, 1885
- †Patulaxis Dall, 1892: synonym of † Climacopoma Fischer, 1885
- Russetia Garrard, 1961: synonym of Discotectonica Marwick, 1931
- †Solariaxis Dall, 1892 : synonym of Granosolarium Sacco, 1892
- Solarium
拉马克, 1799: synonym of Architectonica Röding, 1798
- Torinia Gray, 1842 : synonym of Heliacus d'Orbigny, 1842